Blog 10 ; Caste Based Reservation Policy In India
Caste based reservation policy of India
“Men with merit need to be rewarded, but men
without merit need not be insulted.”
― Wealth of
Words
RESERVATION
Reservation Policy in India refers to the
procedure of reserving a certain number of seats (up to 50%) in government
educational institutions, government positions, and so on for a target segment,
such as Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, Backward Classes, and so on.
Reservations have been in practice in India for a
really long period. Its roots can be traced back to ancient times, when
'untouchability’, the caste system, and the Varna system were all common
place in Indian society. Hindu people are divided into Varna, Jatis, or classes in ancient
times, with the Brahmans, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, and Shudras descending in
hierarchical order. Untouchables, also known as "avarna," or "no
class," were a different class of people, or rather, no class of people.
The legislative cornerstone for India's
Reservation Policy was the Government of India Act, 1919, which was implemented
during the unstable years of World War I. Ignoring the fact that the British
were more focused with Europe than with India at the time, they passed a slew
of important laws directed at boosting the Indian subcontinent. This Act of
1919 not only implemented a reform program in Indian government institutions,
but it also answered a handful of minorities' concerns, such as the creation of
communal electorates.
After independence, the circumstances changed
radically, and the reserve strategy gained far given resource than it had
previous. The Constituent Assembly, presided over by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar,
formulated the reservation policy, and it was embodied in the Indian
Constitution through legal instruments.
Until 2019, reservations were mostly made due to social and educational barriers (caste). Economic inequalities has been considered since the 103rd constitutional amendment in 2019 In addition to the reserve limit, certain reservation categories have extra relaxations such as upper-age relaxations, additional attempts, and lower cut-off points. A post reserved for SCs, STs, or OBCs can only be filled by a SC, ST, or OBC candidate, as the case may be. People from various ethnic groups, including ST, SC, OBC, and EWS, account for nearly 60% of seats in government positions and higher education institutions in India. In addition, 3% of seats in all categories are dedicated for people with disabilities. This means that just 40% of seats are available on a merit basis.
The objectives of reservations were to uplift the social, economic and educational status of few of the backward class people. That’s why the reservation was being adopted by Indian citizens which were framed by the highly intellectual and respected group of people at that point of time. But later at the stage the reservation policy has been diversified and includes a large section of society which can be termed as the weaker section this leads to a hindrance among the relation between normal category people and special category people. This whole scenario has become a part of discussion for current generation as somehow there is a sort of discrimination on this basis as general category people only occupy 40% of the seats and the rest 60% that too not fully on their merit.
At the end reservation was a great step taken by our ancestors but currently there is a tense situation whenever this topic is being discussed. :):)
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